Although the effects of chemical fertilization management on microbial communities in soils have been well studied,few studies have examined such impacts in the black soils common to northeast China.To determine and compare the effects of long-term chemical fertilizations on the microbial community in a black soil,we applied high-throughput pyrosequencing and quantitative PCR of the 16S rRNA gene to investigate bacterial communities in a long-term fertilizer experiment started in 1980.