【摘 要】
:
深海石珊瑚是指生活在水深200公尺以下、不具有共生藻的六放珊瑚,牠们可建构礁体,提供深海生物栖息地和食物,在深海生态系中扮演重要角色.南海比邻全球珊瑚礁最发达、海洋生物多样性最高的珊瑚大三角(Coral Triangle),拥有很高的浅海珊瑚物种多样性,但是有关深海珊瑚的具体研究仍很少.本研究于2013-2015年间,进行南海深海石珊瑚多样性调查(共33测站,深度范围:262-3732公尺),并且
【机 构】
:
台湾大学海洋研究所 中国科学院南海海洋研究所
【出 处】
:
2015海峡两岸海洋生物多样性研讨会
论文部分内容阅读
深海石珊瑚是指生活在水深200公尺以下、不具有共生藻的六放珊瑚,牠们可建构礁体,提供深海生物栖息地和食物,在深海生态系中扮演重要角色.南海比邻全球珊瑚礁最发达、海洋生物多样性最高的珊瑚大三角(Coral Triangle),拥有很高的浅海珊瑚物种多样性,但是有关深海珊瑚的具体研究仍很少.本研究于2013-2015年间,进行南海深海石珊瑚多样性调查(共33测站,深度范围:262-3732公尺),并且检视中国科学院南海海洋研究所(South China Sea Institute of Oceanology)标本館的典藏标本,以探究南海深海石珊瑚的物种多样性及群聚特性.研究结果共发现11科46属114种深海石珊瑚,其中包括1可能新属及8可能新种.群聚结构分析结果显示,南海各测站的深海珊瑚平均物种数约5±1种、群体数99±56株、种歧异度指数(H)1.23±0.25,以东沙陆棚区(31种,502株)与安达礁(24种,288株)邻近海域的珊瑚物种多样性及个体数最高,可能是南海海洋生物多样性的热点(hotspots).就深海石珊瑚群聚而言,依照物种组成的相似性,可以区分成4~5小群(stress <0.01),各小群间相似度4~19%(SIMPER),珊瑚种类组成显著不同(R=0.302,ANOSIM),以中沙邻近海域的珊瑚种类组成最具特殊性(相似度0%).整体而言,南海的深海石珊瑚具有物种多样性高,各区域的群聚异质性大、物种相似性低等特性,而且物种多样性及丰富度与纬度并无相关性.影响南海深海石珊瑚分布的因子及深海珊瑚礁存在的可能性,尚待进一步研究.
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