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毫无异义,历史概念是马克思的“新唯物主义”理论体系的核心概念,然而,对它的理解却并非毫无疑义,特别是《德意志意识形态》中的历史概念。因为,长期以来,人们在研究《德意志意识形态》的历史概念的时候,很少直接由其历史概念本身的逻辑切入,多是由物质生产、交往形式等概念切入,这就导致了对历史概念本身的逻辑某种程度上的忽视。本文从马克思研究历史概念的逻辑向度切入,认为在《形态》中,马克思研究历史概念的思路是在三重逻辑向度中蜿蜒前行的,一是客体向度,二是主体向度,三是批判向度。这三种向度是相互缠绕的,在批判中厘清历史与自然、历史与社会等客体的关系,在批判中廓清历史主体创造历史的现实关系,在批判中划清与所谓人本主义的、“真正的社会主义的”、青年黑格尔派的历史观的界限。这种逻辑向度上的全面覆盖,保证马克思凝练出了科学的历史概念。
There is no difference. The concept of history is the core concept of Marx’s “new materialism” theory system. However, its understanding is not without doubt, especially the historical concept in “German Ideology.” For a long time, when studying the historical conception of “German ideology”, people seldom cut directly from the logic of their own historical conceptions, mostly from the concepts of material production and social forms, which led to the change of the concept of history One’s own logic is somewhat overlooked. In this paper, Marx studies the historical concept of the logic of the cut, that in the “form”, Marx’s concept of historical thinking in the triple logical direction meandering forward, one object orientation, the second is the main dimensions, Third, the critical dimension. These three kinds of dimensions are intertwined with each other, clarifying the relationship between history and nature, history and society in criticism, clearing the historical relationship between the historical subjects and creating history in the critical period, and clarifying the so-called humanism in criticism, “Real Socialism ”, the boundaries of the historical view of youth Hegelians. This comprehensive coverage of the logical dimension guarantees that Marx concludes the historical concept of science.