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Objective To investigate the feasibility of absolute phase systolic acquisition for coronary CT angiography (CCTA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with comparison to relative phase acquisition.Methods Ninety-two patients with persistent AF were enrolled in the study, 46 patients were scanned with absolute phase systolic acquisition (200~400 ms after the R wave) and another 46 were studied by relative phase systolic acquisition (30%-50% of the R-R interval) for CCTA using the second generation dual source CT (DS-CT).The imaging quality and radiation dose were compared between the two protocols.Results There was no significant difference in overall image quality between the two groups (P=0.283).Median effective doses of absolute phase acquisition and relative phase acquisition were5.76 (3.20,8.63) mSv and9.27 (4.74,12.65) mSv respectively (P=0.001), showing that absolute phase acquisition reduced radiation dose by 38%compared with that of relative phase acquisition.Conclusion In patients with AF, absolute phase systolic acquisition is feasible in DS-CT coronary angiography, and can decrease radiation exposure by approximately 35% compared with relative phase acquisition, while preserving image quality.