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The data of heavy metals were collected comprehensively from the studies on dust in China and carried out by using USEPA Health Risk Assessment Model.The health risk assessment results showed heavy metals non carcinogenic risk ranking is As>Pb>Cr>Hg >Cu >Cd >Zn>Ni,carcinogenic risk ranking is Cr>As>Ni >Cd.The non-carcinogenic risk and exposure dose of children were higher than adults and the non-cancer hazard of As was more than 1.The four carcinogenic metals had not formed carcinogenic risk to residents.