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In CA3 area of hippocampal neurons, activation of glutamate subunit, kainate/AMPA receptor by nanomolar concentration of kainate induced persistent gamma oscillations (20-80 Hz), which can be substantially enhanced by low concentrations of nicotine or selective nicotine receptor agonist PNU (alpha 7) or RJR (alpha 4), suggesting that cholinergic receptor activation can modulate fast network oscillations.None of these nicotinic receptors agonists itself was able to induce fast oscillations, though they may induce low amplitude, slow network oscillation at theta band (4-12 Hz).The nicotinic receptor induced enhancement of gamma oscillations can be largely reduced by alpha 4 or 7 nicotinic receptor antagonists and can be prevented by the pre-treatment of alpha 4 or 7 nicotinic receptor antagonists.Our results demonstrated the nicotinic receptor activation have a modulation role on existing fast network oscillations, and suggesting that nicotine or its nAChR selective agonist have a therapeutic potential for the treatment of AD patients, in which the deficit of learning and memory is a hallmark of the disease.