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Organic agriculture in Japan has been already conducted for 70 years.It has been a non-governmental grass-root movement.After the enactment of Organic Agriculture Act in 2006，its promotion turned into the theme among the federal government，municipalities and nongovemmental stakeholders including farmers. Therefore，organic agriculture in Japan has shifted from the first stage(nongovernmental movement)to the second stage sharing the theme among all the stakeholders together.In the second stage，spreading organic agriculture for activating local communities seems the most important theme.Basic principles of organic agriculture of Japan need to include subsistence，small-scale mixed farm management，the utilization of regional resources，living together with nature，and direct cooperation with consumers.