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Two anti-cyclonic and one cyclonic eddies were located in the northern South China Sea (SCS) during a winter cruise in 2003.They were monitored using sea level anomaly provided by satellite altimetry and in situ hydrological data.Phytoplankton biomass as well as community structure were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).The results showed that phytoplankton features which influenced by the different eddies were significantly different.At Stn B2,which located in the periphery of one warm eddy (WE2),which came from the Kuroshio,the phytoplankton community was predominated by pico-phytoplankton (prochlorophytes and cyanobacteria),with a higher percentage of prochlorophytes than at the reference station away from eddies.