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在西方思想史上,世界主义观念有着悠久的传统,其核心理念是平等地对待每一个人。当代世界主义继承了古代世界主义的这一核心理念,并把它与人权概念相联系,在这个意义上,世界主义也就是道德世界主义或社会正义的世界主义。世界主义的全球正义观念把每个人作为道德考虑的终极单元,然而在面对全球贫困问题时,它所体现的彻底平等主义却不如功利主义的最大化效益原则更为有效。
In the history of Western thought, the concept of cosmopolitanism has a long tradition of keeping the core idea of treating each person equally. Contemporary cosmopolitanism inherits this core concept of ancient cosmopolitanism and connects it with the concept of human rights. In this sense, cosmopolitanism is also morally or morally cosmopolitanism. Cosmopolitan’s concept of global justice regards everyone as the ultimate unit of ethical consideration. However, in the face of global poverty, the total egalitarianism it reflects is not as effective as the maximization principle of utilitarianism.