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Laser based spectroscopic techniques can be used in the detection and therapy of human diseases.Examples from oncology as well as from the specialities of ear,nose and throat and pediatrics will be given.Laser spectroscopy has been shown to be a valuable tool both in the detection and the therapy of human malignancies.The most important prognostic factor for cancer patients is early tumour discovery.If malignant tumours are detected during the non-invasive stage,most tumours show a high cure rate of more than 90％.Even though there are many conventional diagnostic modalities,very early tumours may be difficult to discover.