Question between the two languages in the pronoun of an important place in all. The study of doubt pronouns is always linguists from various linguistics theory perspective is hot. Doubt pronouns itself has its particularity. Judging from the basic usage, it in case of doubt usage, in language development process, gradually evolved its not doubt usage. This paper selects out between the two languages in use in the highest frequency and the most representative doubt pronoun "shen - me" and "nani/nan" as the research object, and a comparative study on the usage,Chinese "shen - me" and Japanese "nani/nan" are the most basic each language system, refer to the doubt pronouns don’t know things. Based on Chinese "shen - me" and Japanese "nani/nan" can be doubt this correspondence with the pronoun of contrastive linguistics based, with the general theory and method for guidance, combined with the Chinese and Japanese related research achievements, about "shen - me" and "nani/nan" doubt usage and fee doubt usage are compared and analyzed.By comparison, reveals Chinese "shen - me" and Japanese "nani/nan" in doubt and the doubt usage on the similarities and differences, and makes the corresponding explanation, looking for corresponding laws for future other doubt pronouns and interrogative comparative study to lay the foundation. This paper also in predecessors to Chinese students in doubt pronouns new misuse on the basis of analysis, explains the misuse of the cause and Stephen Krashen and use the second language acquisition theory try to make the Japanese in the teaching should be noted, as a second language teaching to provide theoretical basis for comparison results.This paper is divided into four parts of text, the first chapter main contents as sino-japanese doubt pronouns definition, classification and function, the second chapter is clause of legal theory perspective "shen - me" and "nani/nan," the third chapter analysis "shen - me" and "nani/nan" doubt usage and the doubt usage, the last chapter through to the Chinese students’ misuse analysis, try to make some Suggestions for Japanese teaching.