Within ten years or more Kazakhstan has become China’s second key economic partner after Russia in the post-Soviet era.Trade relations between Beijing and Astana are characterized by a considerable inequality of power that has become a concern in some expert circles in Kazakhstan.China offered tremendous opportunity for development which brings hope that the country might confront following the dissolution of the Soviet Union.China’s One Belt One Road Initiative and attention in Central Asia has increased considerably.China’s One Belt One Road Initiative was launched by the Chinese president Xi Jinping in 2013 at Astana.and it aims to improve collaboration and enhance connectivity among 60 countries in all over the world.Kazakhstan has gradually become one of the largest economic projects in the world.Kazakhstan is the largest in terms of participation and volume of trade among Central Asian countries.China is undertaking on a giant infrastructure project which plans to link the West and East through the wide-ranging development of infrastructure.It is believed to be an expression of Chinese expansion intended at promoting a whole range of Chinese interests.The initiative focuses on the countries within Central Asia,which is precisely where these interests are extremely complicated.This work.therefore,looks to examine some of the main opportunities and possible economic impact.benefits,and challenges of China’s One Belt One Road Initiative both to China and to the Republic of Kazakhstan.