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照应是语篇衔接中最重的语法手段之一。它是一种语义关系,指的是语篇中一个语言成分与另一个可与之相互解释的成分之间的关系。英汉两种语言在照应的类型上基本一致,大体可分为:人称照应、指示照应和比较照应。但在具体的照应手段上,二者还是有差别的。英语使用人称代词和指示代词的频率显然高于汉语,而汉语通过零式指代和名词的重复使用来表达照应关系的现象则远远超过英语。这与英语重形合、汉语重意合的这一区别性特征有着紧密关系。此外,英语还可以通过改变词语的形态来表达指称照应意义;而汉语则没有形态的变化。本文通过对比分析,系统说明照应在英汉语篇中的衔接情况。
Appreciation is one of the most important grammatical means in discourse cohesion. It is a semantic relationship that refers to the relationship between one language component of a discourse and another that is mutually interpretable. English and Chinese two kinds of languages are basically the same in the type of care, can be roughly divided into: personal care, instructions and more care. However, in specific means of coping, the two are still different. The frequency of using personal pronouns and demonstrative pronouns in English is obviously higher than that in Chinese. However, the phenomenon that Chinese uses the zero-type pronoun and the repeated use of nouns to express correspondence is far more than English. This is closely related to the distinctive feature of English heavy coincidence and Chinese heavy coincidence. In addition, English can also express the meaning of reference by changing the morphology of words, while Chinese has no morphological changes. Through comparative analysis, this article systematically explains the cohesion of correspondence in English and Chinese.