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高中语文二册《鸿门宴》一课“先破秦入咸阳者王之。”“王之”,注释曰:“以他为王”。“王”字在此是名词活用为动词当然没有疑问,问题是它到底用如使动词还是用如一般动词,而古代汉语中判断一个动词到底属于何种用法时唯一可靠的根据便是从上下文意中去推求,判断用如动词的名词时亦当如此。从字面上讲,“以他为王”是讲不通的,“为”什么“王”呢?倘若为天下之王的话,怀王将何处?若为一般的诸侯王,则项羽以后封刘邦为汉王可谓不负约。可事实上刘邦以后声讨项羽的第一条罪状便是负约:“始与项羽俱受命于怀王,曰先入定关中者王之,项羽负约,王我于蜀汉。”原来刘邦不是争一个“王位”,而是争虎踞龙盘的秦地。“王”显然是用如一般动词“称王”,“之”自然不是指刘邦(先入咸阳者),而是指秦地汉中了。是“称王于此”而不是“以他为王。”
High school Chinese two volumes “Banquet Banquet” a lesson “break Qin into Xianyang who Wang.” “Wang”, the note reads: “He is king.” Of course, there is no doubt that the word “king” is used as a verb, but the question is whether it is used as a verb or a verb in general. The only reliable basis for determining what verb is used in ancient Chinese is from the context Intention to deduce, judging the use of verbs such as nouns should also be the case. Literally speaking, “to him as a king” does not make sense, “as” what “king”? If the king of the world, King of Wisdom will be? If the general princes, Xiang Yu later sealed Liu Bang Hanwang can be described as negative. In fact, Liu Bang later condemned the first guilt of Xiang Yu is negative about: “The beginning and Xiang Yu are subject to the king of Huai, said the king first into the customs clearance, Xiang Yu negative about Wang I Shu.” Liu Bang is not the original fight for a “Throne”, but competing Tigers dragon plate Qin field. “Wang” is apparently used as the general verb “King”, “of” naturally does not refer to Liu Bang (Xian Xianyang who), but refers to Qin Hanzhong. It is “King over here” rather than “To him as king.”