目的　探讨围生期脑缺氧缺血后c fos基因的表达及与海马迟发性神经元死亡的相关性。方法　采用逆转录扩增、免疫组化、原位末端标记法检测脑缺氧缺血新生大鼠模型海马组织中c fos基因转录、翻译及细胞凋亡情况。结果　观察到脑缺氧缺血后海马组织中存在c fos选择性表达和迟发性细胞凋亡现象 ,且c fos基因表达以CA4、齿状回为主 ,而细胞凋亡以CA1区锥体细胞较明显。结论　围生期脑缺氧缺血后c fos基因表达参与调节了细胞凋亡的发生 ,其表达与迟发性细胞死亡之间可能存在复杂的相关性 Objective To investigate the relationship between c fos gene expression and delayed neuronal death in hippocampus after perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Methods The transcription, translation and apoptosis of c fos gene in hippocampus of neonatal rat model of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage were detected by reverse transcription amplification, immunohistochemistry and in situ end-labeling. Results The selective expression of c fos and delayed apoptosis were found in hippocampus after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. The expression of c fos gene was mainly in CA4 and dentate gyrus, while the apoptosis in CA1 pyramidal neurons Cells are more obvious. Conclusions The expression of c fos gene after perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury is involved in the regulation of apoptosis. There may be a complex correlation between its expression and late-onset cell death