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我们不应孤立地讨论奥斯丁小说《理智与情感》中埃丽诺·达什伍德和她妹妹玛丽安的思想差异,而要充分注意两位女主人公和约翰·达什伍德之间的对立。后一分歧从属于一场由来已久的文化讨论,即在逐渐生成的敛财逐利社会(acquisitive society)里,由艾狄生、斯蒂尔、笛福及理查逊等作家就人的精神需求、社会角色和行为规范等等所进行的思考和探究。本文试图把埃丽诺和玛丽安之间的对照和对话更多地放到上述背景里考察,将两姐妹在多重社会语境中的人生波折和对应选择看作构思某种局部抵制敛财逐利社会的私人乌托邦的尝试。
Instead of discussing the ideological differences between Eleanor Dashwood and her sister Marian in Austen’s novel Theories and Emotions, we should not pay due attention to the opposition between the two heroines and John Dashwood . The latter divergence was subordinated to a long-held cultural debate in which people like Edison, Steele, Defoe, and Richardson wrote about human spirits in the emerging acquisitive society Needs, social roles and codes of conduct and so on. This article tries to compare the dialogue and the dialogue between Elinor and Marian more into the above background to examine the twists and turns of the two sisters in the multiple social contexts and the corresponding choices as the conceiving of a partial boycott for profit-seeking society The attempt of private utopia.