本文从村民委员会直选的角度对中国农民的政治参与进行了分析 ,指出中国农民政治参与是市场经济不断发展的产物 ,是在现代文明的冲击下农民自主意识和民主、平等观念逐渐增强而产生的政治要求。农民政治参与主要受制度、社会、农民自身素质三方面因素的制约。在现代化进程中应从参与渠道、社会环境、农民自身素质三方面入手来提高农民政治参与的程度和水平 This article analyzes the political participation of Chinese peasants from the angle of direct election of villagers committees. It points out that the peasant’s political participation in China is the product of the continuous development of market economy and is caused by the gradual increase of peasant self-awareness and democracy and equality under the impact of modern civilization Political demands. Peasants’ political participation is mainly restricted by three factors: system, society and peasants themselves. In the process of modernization, we should start from the aspects of participation channels, social environment and peasants ’own qualities to improve the level and level of peasants’ political participation