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死刑作为最古老的刑罚制度之一,在中国已经有两千多年的历史,其执行方式经历了由繁到简,从残酷走向人道的发展过程。死刑作为统治者用来打击严重犯罪的工具,其执行方式、适用范围的宽窄、行刑的时间以及死刑的监督制度均体现了一个时代社会经济发展状并反映了统治阶级的统治思想,从某种意义上可以说死刑制度的变迁就是中国社会发展的缩影,因此研究死刑制度对于摸清古代中国社会的发展脉络具有重要的意义。
As one of the oldest punishments, the death penalty has been in China for more than 2,000 years and its execution has undergone a process of development from complexity to simplicity and from cruelty to humaneness. As a tool used by the rulers to crack down on serious crimes, the execution of death penalty, the scope of application, the scope of application, the execution time and the death penalty supervision system all embody an era of social and economic development and reflect the ruling class’s ruling ideas. It can be said that the vicissitude of the death penalty system is a microcosm of the social development in China. Therefore, studying the death penalty system is of great significance in finding out the development context of ancient Chinese society.