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最密切联系原则是晚近国际私法中发展起来的一种新的法律适用原则。它改变了传统冲突法连结因素的单一性,使与案件有关的各种因素都得以考虑,加强了案件处理的公正性、合理性和科学性。但同时又要求赋予法官自由裁量权,这就不可避免地使案件的处理结果受法官主观意志的影响而可能导致判决结果上的不公。本文将试从最密切联系原则的历史背景、理论依据及我国的相关法律规定着手探讨该原则适用于我国合同领域的具体应用及存在的问题。
The principle of the closest relationship is a new law applicable in recent private international law. It changed the unity of the traditional conflict-of-law linking factors and considered various factors related to the case, and strengthened the impartiality, rationality and scientificity of handling cases. At the same time, however, it is required to give the judges discretionary power, which inevitably causes the result of the case to be influenced by the judge’s subjective will which may lead to unfairness in the judgment. This article tries to explore the specific application and existing problems that this principle is applicable to the field of contract in our country from the historical background, theoretical basis and the relevant legal provisions of our country.