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采用超声模板法制备了平行束状纳米ZnO晶须,将其与压电高聚物PVDF复合,用热压法制备六种含平行晶须状纳米ZnO不同质量分数与不同形态、尺寸的ZnO的ZnO/PVDF复合材料。经取向、极化后对其结构、形态及介电性和压电性能进行了系统测试。结果表明:尺寸与形态对压电复合材料的影响极大,球型、准球型、四针状纳米ZnO和非纳米ZnO与无定型PVDF复合,虽经同样条件极化处理,并无压电性能产生。与传统观念不同,即使主体为PVDF,但随着平行晶须状纳米ZnO含量的增加,电性能参数呈非线性增大,在ZnO含量仅为15%左右时就产生了复合材料介电常数ε和压电常数d33值的转折性突跃,与单一压电高聚物材料相比显著增加,且极化性能得到明显提高。
Parallel beam-like nano-ZnO whiskers were prepared by ultrasonic template method, and were compounded with piezoelectric polymer PVDF. Six kinds of ZnO with different mass fractions and different morphologies and sizes were prepared by hot pressing ZnO / PVDF composite. The orientation, polarization of its structure, morphology and dielectric properties and piezoelectric properties of a systematic test. The results show that the size and shape of the composite have great influence on the piezoelectric composite. The spherical, quasi-spherical, four-needle nanostructured ZnO and non-nano-ZnO composite with amorphous PVDF have the same polarization and no piezoelectric Produce performance. Different from the traditional concept, even if the main body is PVDF, with the parallel whisker-like nano-ZnO content increases, the nonlinear increase of the electrical properties of the parameters, the ZnO content of only about 15% when the composite dielectric constant ε And the d33 value of the piezoelectric constant transition jump, with a single piezoelectric polymer material significantly increased, and the polarization performance was significantly improved.