明代文官犯罪行为可由自己检举,也可通过法定机关监察御史、巡抚、按察司官员、给事中举劾,文官系统中任何官员只要发现他人有犯罪行为都可以检举,皇权控制之下的特务机关东厂、锦衣卫、西厂、内行厂也负责监督官员不法行为,普通百姓也有成功告发官员不法行为的案例。法定机关在监督官员不法行为中如果能发挥主要作用,那么此时期必定吏治清明,社会安定,反之,则会导致贪腐盛行、政治秩序失衡。 Civilian crimes in the Ming dynasty could be prosecuted by themselves or through statutory organs to supervise censors, governors and officials of the prosecutor’s office. Any official in the civil service system could report any crimes committed by others and prosecutors under the control of imperial powers Official East plant, Kam Yi Wei, West plant, the factory is also responsible for overseeing the illegal acts of officials, the common people have also successfully reported cases of officials wrongful act. If the statutory organ can play a major role in supervising officials’ wrongdoing, the government must be clean and the society be stable during this period. On the contrary, corruption will prevail and the political order will be unbalanced.