一些人对国有企业的发展前景持悲观态度,甚至把它当成包袱,除了本刊上一期在评论员论坛中指出的存在于思想认识方面的原因之外,国有企业普遍存在的效益不高甚至长期亏损问题,也是一个重要原因。因此,加强管理,提高效益,是当前国有企业面临的一项紧迫任务,是国有企业走出困境的一项重要措施,也是当前我国企业制度改革的一项任务。 效益是企业的生命。国务院早就提出,经济工作应以提高经济效益为中心。应该说,在这方面我们已经取得了相当的成绩,国民经济已连续多年以较快的速度向前发展。企业是创造社会财富的基本单位,正是企业总体效益的增进,构成了我国社会财富的大量涌现和迅速积累。1978年以来,在世界经济处于低速增长的情况下,我国内生产总值以年平均9％的速度增长,其中国有企业年均增长速度为8％。从这里我们不难看出,国有企业在改革开放 Some people are pessimistic about the prospects for the development of state-owned enterprises and even regard it as a burden. In addition to the ideological and cognitive reasons pointed out in the commentator forum of the previous issue, the widespread benefits of state-owned enterprises are not even high. The long-term loss issue is also an important reason. Therefore, strengthening management and improving efficiency is an urgent task faced by state-owned enterprises, an important measure for state-owned enterprises to get out of predicament, and a task for the reform of China’s enterprise system. Benefit is the life of the company. The State Council has long proposed that economic work should focus on improving economic efficiency. It should be said that we have achieved considerable results in this respect and the national economy has been developing at a relatively rapid rate for many years. The enterprise is the basic unit for creating social wealth. It is the enhancement of the overall efficiency of the enterprise that constitutes the emergence and rapid accumulation of social wealth in China. Since 1978, with the world economy growing at a low rate, China’s GDP has grown at an average annual rate of 9%, with state-owned enterprises growing at an average annual rate of 8%. From here, it is not difficult to see that state-owned enterprises are reforming and opening up