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在实际热挤压实验基础上,结合IN690合金热变形本构关系,建立了该合金管热挤压过程的二维轴对称有限元模型。该模型变形区形状与实际稳态挤压阶段相一致,计算获得稳定挤压力模拟结果与实验吻合较好。分析了锥形、平锥形、双锥形及碗形4种变形区形状参数对热挤压过程的影响,结果表明:锥形变形区最小有利于降低挤压力;碗形和平锥形变形区最高温变化平稳有利于温度的控制,碗形变形区的局部温升最小有利于组织控制及产品质量的提高;综合挤压力、温度均匀性、表面质量三方面因素,尽量选择碗形变形区和双锥形变形区进行挤压。
Based on the actual hot extrusion test and the thermal deformation constitutive relationship of IN690 alloy, a two-dimensional axisymmetric finite element model of the hot extrusion process was established. The shape of deformation zone of this model is consistent with the actual steady-state extrusion stage, and the simulation results of calculating the steady extrusion pressure are in good agreement with the experiment. The effects of the shape parameters of conical, flat conical, double conical and bowl-shaped deformation zones on the hot extrusion process were analyzed. The results show that the minimum conical deformation zone is conducive to reducing the extrusion force. The bowl- The change of the highest temperature in the area is in favor of the temperature control. The minimum temperature rise in the bowl-shaped deformation zone is beneficial to the organization control and the improvement of product quality. Comprehensively considering the three factors of extrusion pressure, temperature uniformity and surface quality, Area and biconical deformation area for extrusion.