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自100年前芝加哥大学开设第一个社会学教研室以来,没有哪个国家象美国那样,对社会生活和政治生活问题进行了如此宏大和如此广泛的研究。今天,从纵向上看,社会学家和政治学家的著作已囊括了所有的研究客体——从个人和小群体到复杂的机构、政党和国家。在本世纪初,美国人借用了包括马克思主义思想在内的欧洲先进思想的成就,并在此基础上以他们固有的气魄建立起一整套社会学学科和流派——从行为主义到结构主义,从人类学到社会语言学。数十年来,许多美国统治阶级的代表、政治名流都极为关注社会学的发展。
Since the University of Chicago opened its first department of sociology 100 years ago, no country has conducted such a grand and extensive study on social life and political life as the United States did. Today, vertically, the writings of sociologists and political scientists have encompass all the research objects - from individuals and small groups to complex institutions, parties and nations. At the beginning of this century, the Americans borrowed the achievements of the advanced European ideas including Marxist ideas and, based on this, built a set of sociology disciplines and genres with their inherent spirit - from behaviorism to structuralism, From anthropology to sociolinguistics. For decades, many representatives of the ruling class in the United States and political celebrities have paid great attention to the development of sociology.