目的：评价表面麻醉下超声乳化白内障吸除及人工晶状体植入术的安全性和效果。方法：两组共375例（400只眼）白内障分别在表麻下及球周麻醉下施行超声乳化吸除及人工晶状体植入术，对术后视力，术中及术后并发症进行分析。结果：两组术后1天、1周、3个月视力无显著差异；并发症：后囊破裂及角膜水肿发生率，两组间相差不显著；球周麻醉组发生眶内出血2只眼，暂时性上睑下垂26只眼，暂时性复视9只眼。结论：表面麻醉下超声乳化术是安全有效的。在熟练掌握超声乳化手术的基础上，表面麻醉下手术较球周麻醉下更安全、快捷。“,”Objective：To evaluate safety and effect of topical anesthesia forcataract phacoemulsification．Methods：On 400 eyes of 375 patients with cataract topical anesthesia and peribulbar anesthesia were performed respectively for phacoemulsification．The postoperative vision and complication were analysed．Results：Postoperatively，there was no significant difference in the visual acuities between the two groups（at one day，one week，and three months）．There was no significant difference in the percentage of posterior capsular rupture and corneal edema between the two groups．Orbital bleeding 2 eyes，temporary ptosis 26 eyes，temporary diplopia 9 eyes in peribulbar anesthesia group．Conclusion：Topical anesthesia for phacoemulsification is safe and efficient．