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高中物理的实际问题都是来自现实生活,学生对实际问题所描述的过程都存在一定的前概念.这些前概念往往与科学概念存在一定的差距,甚至完全是两回事.可见“前概念”对学生解决实际问题的影响很大.笔者采取了把握解决实际问题的关键,开展有效的科学探究活动;提供符合实际的相关学习素材和教学情景,做好演示实验;挖掘错误前概念产生原因,有针对性地改变前概念;发挥前概念积极作用等策略来提高学生的解决实际问题能力.
The actual problems of high school physics are all from the real life, and the students have some preconceptions about the actual problems described in them. These preconceptions often have some differences with the scientific concepts or even completely different things. The students have a great influence on solving practical problems.The author has taken the key to solve practical problems and carry out effective scientific inquiry activities; provide practical learning materials and teaching scenarios that are in line with the actual situation, do a good job of demonstration experiments; excavate the reasons before the wrong concept, Targeted to change the former concept; play a positive role in the former concept and other strategies to improve students’ ability to solve practical problems.