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目的了解北方农村成年女性高血压患病情况及影响因素。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,在北京顺义区、甘肃榆中县、吉林东丰县和靖宇县4个区县分别抽取4个村/街道(全部为农村户口),每个区县分别调查≥35岁人群1250人(男女各半)。通过问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查来收集资料,选取女性进行分析。结果最终调查人数为5402人,女性2513人,其中,女性高血压患者766例,高血压检出率为30.48%。不同年龄、文化程度及人均收入人群的高血压检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。是否患有糖尿病、是否超重肥胖、是否血脂异常、是否有高血压家族史及是否饮茶、是否曾服用避孕药、是否绝经人群的高血压检出率比较,差异亦有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,糖尿病[OR值(95%CI)2.047(1.492~2.808)]、高血压家族史[3.037(2.464~3.743)]、超重肥胖[2.368(1.943~2.884)]、绝经[1.365(1.017~1.832)]和年龄[1.077(1.062~1.091)]为北方农村成年女性高血压的危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论北方农村成年女性高血压患病情况需重视,应针对高危对象开展高血压防治工作。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of hypertension in rural women in the north of China. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to select 4 villages / streets (all rural households) in Shunyi District of Beijing, Yuzhong County of Gansu, Dongfeng County of Jilin Province and Jingyu County in four districts and counties respectively. Each district and county investigated separately ≥ 35-year-old population of 1250 (half-men and women). Through questionnaires, physical examination and laboratory tests to collect data, select women for analysis. Results The final survey number was 5402, with 2513 females, of whom 766 were female hypertensives and the prevalence of hypertension was 30.48%. There were significant differences in the detection rate of hypertension among different age groups, educational level and per capita income (all P <0.01). Whether there is diabetes, whether overweight and obesity, whether dyslipidemia, whether there is a family history of hypertension and whether drinking tea, whether taking contraceptives, whether menopausal crowd hypertension detection rate, the difference was statistically significant (both P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the incidence of diabetes mellitus (OR = 95% CI 2.047, hypertension family history 3.037 (2.464-3.743) [1.365 (1.017 ~ 1.832)] and age [1.077 (1.062 ~ 1.091)] were risk factors for hypertension in rural women in northern China (all P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in rural women in the north of China needs to be emphasized, and prevention and treatment of hypertension should be carried out for high-risk subjects.