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隐喻的话语构建功能是通过“框架”的功能得以实现的。基于互相关联的一个或多个框架,读者运用已知的知识背景和概念结构去推断和理解话语意义与说话者的意图。人脑借助框架将已有的背景知识和特定情景中的新信息联结起来,构建新的认知,因此一个概念的框架主要是随着人们对其逐渐熟悉而建立起来。有些框架是固有的,而有些则需要后天通过经验或是训练予以建构。人们对美国财政悬崖的认识框架则是随着对其不断加深了解而建立的。以《美国新闻和世界报道》中2012年有关财政悬崖的报道作为语料,主要利用框架理论探析了概念隐喻的话语建构功能,通过预设、凸显和构造政治故事三种方式来建构意识形态,最后讨论了隐喻的翻译策略,提出了隐喻意象的移植、转换和省略的翻译策略。
Metaphorical discourse building function is realized through the function of “frame”. Based on one or more interrelated frameworks, readers use known knowledge backgrounds and conceptual structures to infer and understand discourse meaning and speaker intent. The human brain uses the framework to connect existing contextual knowledge with new information in a particular context to build new perceptions. Therefore, the framework of a concept is mainly established as people gradually become familiar with it. Some frameworks are inherent, while others need to be acquired through experience or training. People’s understanding of the fiscal cliff in the United States is based on a deeper understanding of its established. Taking the coverage of the fiscal cliff in 2012 in the American News and World Report as the corpus, this paper analyzes the function of discourse construction of conceptual metaphors mainly through the framework theory, constructs the ideology through three ways: pre-setting, highlighting and constructing political stories. Finally, Discusses the translation strategy of metaphor, proposes the transplanting of metaphor image, conversion and omission of translation strategy.