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在高能激光能量计吸收体上很长时间内均存在较大的温度梯度,这导致吸收体真实温度的测量非常困难,材料的比热、传感器的响应度和吸收体的热损失对测量准确度的影响较显著,模拟了吸收体上温度场特性,提出了一种利用多个分立的热电偶传感器测量吸收体的温升的方法,通过对热电偶的间距以及在吸收体中的深度加以控制,可以准确地反映吸收体上每一小部分的平均温度,从而达到对比热和传感器响应度修正的目的;采取措施大幅降低热损失比例,并结合实际温度场分布和系统热平衡时间对热损失可以获得热损失占比;利用光线追迹方法可以大幅简化吸收体吸收率研究,以实际光束和吸收腔参数为模拟对象计算了吸收腔的吸收率,并对测量结果进行修正。在分析了系统各个环节的测量不确定度的基础上估算出设计的激光能量计的测量不确定度约为5.8%(k=2),采用现场比对方法验证该测量不确定度的合理性。
In the high-energy laser energy meter absorber for a long time there is a large temperature gradient, which led to the true temperature measurement of the absorber is very difficult, the specific heat of the material, the sensor response and heat loss of the absorber accuracy of the measurement , The simulation of the temperature field characteristics of the absorber, the use of a number of discrete thermocouple sensors to measure the temperature rise of the absorber, through the distance between the thermocouple and the depth of the absorber to be controlled , Can accurately reflect the average temperature of each small part of the absorber, so as to achieve the purpose of correcting the heat and sensor response; to take measures to significantly reduce the heat loss ratio, combined with the actual temperature field distribution and heat balance of the system can heat loss Get the proportion of heat loss; using ray tracing method can greatly simplify the absorption rate of the absorber, the actual beam and absorption chamber parameters as the simulation object to calculate the absorption rate of the absorption chamber, and to correct the measurement results. Based on the analysis of the measurement uncertainty in all aspects of the system, the measurement uncertainty of the designed laser energy meter is estimated to be about 5.8% (k = 2), and the rationality of the measurement uncertainty verified by on-site comparison .