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青藏高原湖泊星罗棋布,湖泊面积的变化将改变地表下垫面的条件,进而对大气环流产生影响,对分析区域自然生态环境具有重要意义。本研究利用1990年到2015年覆盖青藏高原的Landsat5 TM遥感影像,以RS和GIS技术为基础,快速、准确、宏观获取了青藏高原近25年来湖泊的时空变化特征,并对导致湖泊面积变化的自然和人文驱动因素进行分析。研究结果表明:1990年—2015年青藏高原湖泊范围整体上呈较显著的扩张趋势,湖泊个数也逐年增加,表现为稳定且持续扩张趋势。造成区域内湖泊面积扩张的主要因素是气温变化、冰雪融水量的增加、降水量的增多。
The lakes of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are dotted and the change of the lake area will change the surface conditions of the earth’s surface, which will have an impact on the atmospheric circulation. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze the natural ecological environment of the area. Based on RS and GIS techniques, Landsat5 TM remote sensing image covering the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 1990 to 2015 was used to obtain the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of lakes in the past 25 years rapidly, accurately and macroscopically. Natural and cultural drivers were analyzed. The results show that the range of lakes in the Tibetan Plateau from 1990 to 2015 showed a more significant trend of expansion, and the number of lakes also increased year by year, showing a steady and continuous expansion trend. The main factors contributing to the expansion of the lake area in the region are the temperature changes, the increase in the amount of ice and snow melt, and the increase in precipitation.