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采用走访调查和实地调查相结合的方法,对广西的金线莲(Anoectochilus roxburghii(Wall.)Lindl.)野生资源分布现状、生态特征和生存状况进行了调查。结果表明:金线莲在广西分布较广,除西部石灰岩地区未发现金线莲分布外,广西大部分非石灰岩山区的常绿阔叶林都分布有金线莲。广西西部石灰岩山区分布着另一种开唇兰属的兰科植物,外观与金线莲相似。金线莲适生于阴凉湿润的生态环境中,常生长在山涧常绿阔叶林的腐殖质层中,植被覆盖较好,郁闭度大,乔木覆盖度70%~90%,光照强度350~2 500lx,相对空气湿度70%~85%。其生境的乔木树种主要是壳斗科、桑科、樟科、木兰科、五加科植物。生境遭受破坏和人类过度采挖是导致广西野生金线莲濒危的主要原因,应采取各种有效应对保护措施才能实现资源的可持续利用。
The current situation, ecological characteristics and living conditions of wild resources in Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl. Were investigated by means of a combination of visiting survey and field survey. The results showed that there was a wide distribution of A. sinense in Guangxi, except for the distribution of A. glabra in the limestone area of western Guangxi Province, the A. cordial was distributed in most of the evergreen broad-leaved forests in Guangxi. Limestone mountainous western Guangxi is distributed with another orchid genus Orchidaceae, which looks similar to that of Anoectochilus. Golden angels suitable for living in a cool and humid environment, often growing in the humus layer of evergreen broad-leaved forests, vegetation coverage is good, canopy density, tree coverage 70% to 90%, light intensity 350 ~ 2 500lx, the relative humidity of 70% to 85%. The habitat of the tree species are mainly Fagaceae, Sangke, Lauraceae, Magnolia Branch, Wuga Branch plants. Habitat destruction and over-excavation of human beings are the main causes of the endangerment of wild A. chinense in Guangxi. Various effective measures should be taken to achieve the sustainable use of resources.