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目的评价碘缺乏病的防治效果,分析影响因素,为制定防治方案提供依据。方法各区县随机抽取9个乡镇检查居民食用盐含碘量;抽取5所小学8～10岁儿童检查甲状腺、尿碘和五年级学生碘缺乏病防治知识;查阅组织领导、防治监测、碘盐管理和健康教育资料,进行综合评分;重庆市对区县评估结果进行复核;用χ2检验作统计学分析。结果全市40个区县检查居民食用盐14217户,合格碘盐食用率为90.00%～99.72%,平均为95.90%,尿碘检测4050人,中位数为247.20μg/L,300μg/L以上占37.10%,区县中位数100～200μg/L占25%(10/40),200～300μg/L占57.5%(23/40),>300μg/L占17.5%(7/40);甲状腺检查16852人,肿大率为3.25%～9.00%,平均为5.80%;学生防治知识平均得分3.1～5.0分,平均为4.4分;防治措施综合评分为86.00～99.00分,平均为95.00分。市级复查中检查食用盐1250户,合格碘盐食用率为90.91%～100.00%,平均为96.88%;甲状腺检查16852人,肿大率触诊和B超法为5.00%～8.33%,平均分别为7.02%和6.64%;防治知识调查1366人,得分2.5～4.9分;防治措施综合评分为88.8～99.5分。结论重庆市有39个区县实现了消除碘缺乏病目标,1个县实现了基本消除碘缺乏病目标,市级层级实现了消除碘缺乏病目标,防治工作取得显著成效。但存在碘过量,须降低食盐加碘浓度。
Objective To evaluate the control effect of iodine deficiency disorders and to analyze the influencing factors so as to provide the basis for the formulation of prevention and treatment plans. Methods 9 counties and townships were randomly selected to check the iodine content of the residents’ salt. Five primary children aged 8-10 years were selected to check the prevention and treatment of thyroid, urinary iodine and grade 5 students. The organization leaders, prevention and control measures, iodized salt management And health education materials, a comprehensive score; Chongqing Municipality to review the results of district assessment; χ2 test for statistical analysis. Results In the 40 districts and counties in the whole country, 14217 residents’ salt samples were inspected. The qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 90.00% ~ 99.72% with an average of 95.90%. The urinary iodine detection was 4050 with a median of 247.20μg / L and 300μg / L 37.10% of the patients in the county, 25% (10/40) in the range of 100-200μg / L, 57.5% (200/300 μg / L) and 17.5% (7/40) Examination of 16,852 people, swelling rate was 3.25% ~ 9.00%, an average of 5.80%; knowledge of students prevention and control average score of 3.1 to 5.0 points, with an average of 4.4 points; prevention and treatment measures a comprehensive score of 86.00 ~ 99.00 points, with an average of 95.00 points. Municipal review of 1250 households to check the salt consumption of qualified iodized salt was 90.91% ~ 100.00%, an average of 96.88%; thyroid examination 16852 people, palpation and B-scan rate of 5.00% to 8.33%, respectively, with an average of Accounting for 7.02% and 6.64%, 1366 prevention and control knowledge survey scores of 2.5 to 4.9, and comprehensive prevention and control measures of 88.8 to 99.5 points. Conclusion 39 districts and counties in Chongqing have achieved the goal of eliminating iodine deficiency disorders. One county has basically achieved the goal of eliminating iodine deficiency disorders. The municipal level has achieved the goal of eliminating iodine deficiency disorders and achieved remarkable results in prevention and treatment. However, there is excessive iodine, salt concentration should be reduced iodine.