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一、前言实验室电容传声器是一种电容式换能器,其内有一高的直流偏压(通常为200伏)与一电阻串联后加在弹性膜片和刚性后极板之间。声致膜片振动在膜片和后极板之间产生交流电压,该电压即为换能器输出。这种传声器的灵敏度通常在-60～-20分贝(相对于1伏/帕)之间。本文将简要介绍美国标准局在传声器的相位校准和冲击声测量校准两个领域中的情况。
I. Introduction Laboratory condenser microphones are capacitive transducers that have a high DC bias (typically 200 volts) placed in series with a resistor and placed between a flexible diaphragm and a rigid rear plate. Acoustic diaphragm vibration generates an AC voltage between the diaphragm and the rear plate, the voltage is the transducer output. The sensitivity of such microphones is typically between -60 and -20 dB (relative to 1 V / Pa). This article will briefly introduce the U.S. Bureau of Standards in the microphone phase calibration and impact sound measurement calibration in two areas.