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在甲午开战前的二十多年间,日本间谍根据所搜集的情报得出结论:清朝将亡,根本原因在于腐败。这一结论对于日本决计发起甲午战争发挥了极其关键的作用。1871年3月,日本议院参议江藤新平向日本当局提出《对外政策意见书》,强调对“西陆大国”(中国)加强情报研究的重要性。次年,日本陆军少佐池上四郎等三人潜入中国。一年后,三人提交了名为《满洲视察复命书》的间谍报告,称“(清国)积弊久生,士气腐败,兵士怯懦,常备军殆成虚名。况朝廷纲纪废弛,贿赂公行,商民怨嗟,皆属实情。如此下去,不出数载,清国势将土崩瓦解。”
In the more than two decades before the Sino-Japanese War, Japanese spies, based on intelligence gathered, concluded that the Qing government will die because of corruption. This conclusion plays an extremely crucial role in Japan’s decision to launch the Sino-Japanese War. In March 1871, the Japanese House Senate, Eto Shimbun, proposed to Japan the Opinion on Foreign Policy, emphasizing the importance of strengthening the study of intelligence on the West-China Power (China). The following year, the Japanese army Marshal Ichiro and other three sneaked into China. A year later, the three submitted a report of espionage entitled “Manchurian Inspections Repetition Book,” stating that “the rule of law in the Qing Dynasty is fraught with malice, morale and corruption, and soldiers are timid and that the standing army becomes a real name.” People’s complaints are true, so go on, not a few contained, the Qing dynasty will fall apart. "