微量元素对生物界,特别是人类有重要的生理及病理意义。对人体来说,必须的微量元素有14种,即铁、锌、铜、锰、铬、钼、钴、硒、镍、钒、锡、氟、碘、锶,绝大多数微量元素为金属。这些必需的微量元素与氨基酸、蛋白质或其他有机团结合,形成各种酶、激素或维生素,如含铁、铜、锌、锰和硒的数百种酶,含碘的甲状腺素、含钴的维生素B_(12)等。这些金属——有机复合物能产生各种独特的生物学作用,有特殊的 Trace elements of the biological world, especially humans have important physiological and pathological significance. The human body, there are 14 kinds of trace elements, namely iron, zinc, copper, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, cobalt, selenium, nickel, vanadium, tin, fluorine, iodine, strontium, most of the trace elements of the metal. These essential trace elements bind to amino acids, proteins or other organic radicals to form enzymes, hormones or vitamins such as hundreds of enzymes containing iron, copper, zinc, manganese and selenium, iodine-containing thyroxine, cobalt-containing Vitamin B_ (12) and so on. These metal-organic complexes can produce a variety of unique biological effects that are specific