类比法和等效法、控制变法量一样,也是一种常用研究物理问题的科学方法。所谓类比,是根据两种事物在某些特征上的相似,做出它们在其它特征上也可能相似的结论。在物理教学中就是把抽象的难于理解的物理概念、规律同学生已经熟悉的物理概念、规律或其他生活现象进行 Analogy and equivalence, as control variables, are also a common scientific approach to studying physical problems. The so-called analogy is based on the similarities of certain features between two kinds of things and makes the conclusion that they may be similar in other features. In physics teaching, abstract and difficult to understand physical concepts and laws are familiar to students’ physical concepts, laws and other living phenomena