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目的了解青海省腹泻症候群细菌性致泻性病原菌谱的分布特点及病原谱构成,为制定预防措施提供科学依据。方法收集2010年5月~2011年12月青海省2所哨点医院共304例腹泻患者的粪便标本,增菌培养后,可疑菌株用VITEKII全自动细菌鉴定仪和血清学诊断方法进行鉴定。结果 304份粪便标本中共分离出52株菌株,分离率为17.11%,其中沙门菌15株、致泻性大肠埃希菌株6株、志贺菌25株、小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌2株、副溶血弧菌1株、嗜水气单胞菌1株、EHEC O157H7 2株;弯曲菌未检出。结论志贺氏菌、沙门氏菌为青海省细菌性腹泻病人的主要病原菌,婴幼儿是高发人群,加强监测和防治仍是今后的工作重点。
Objective To understand the distribution and pathogenic spectrum of bacterial diarrhea pathogenic bacteria in diarrhea syndrome in Qinghai Province and provide a scientific basis for the development of preventive measures. Methods A total of 304 stool samples of diarrhea patients were collected from 2 sentinel hospitals in Qinghai Province from May 2010 to December 2011. After enrichment culture, the suspicious strains were identified by VITEKII automatic bacterial identification instrument and serological diagnostic method. Results A total of 52 isolates were isolated from 304 stool specimens with isolation rate of 17.11%. Among them, 15 strains of Salmonella, 6 strains of diarrhea-causing Escherichia coli, 25 strains of Shigella, 2 strains of Yersinia enterocolitica, 1 strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, 1 strain of Aeromonas hydrophila and 2 strains of EHEC O157H7; Campylobacter was not detected. Conclusion Shigella and Salmonella are the main pathogenic bacteria in patients with bacterial diarrhea in Qinghai Province. Infants and young children are high risk population. It is still the focus of future work to strengthen the monitoring and prevention.