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目的了解暴露者注射人用狂犬病疫苗后,机体内产生抗体情况,为今后狂犬病的门诊预防工作提供依据。方法选择2008年博白县疾控中心预防门诊接诊的453例暴露者,按0、3、7、14、28d的免疫程序单纯接种冻干或液体型狂苗,于第7d和45d采集静脉血,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测抗体。结果453例免疫接种者中,男性抗体阳性率93.8%和女性抗体阳性率93.0%,两者无显著性差异;使用不同剂型的狂苗,抗体阳性有显著差异,冻干疫苗、液体疫苗5针抗体阳性率分别占96.0%和90.2%;各年龄组的抗体随着年龄增加有逐渐降低趋势,以0～10岁组抗体阳性最高。结论对暴露者使用高效价、高质量的狂犬病疫苗,及时足量进行全程免疫,同时重视暴露前的预防和被动免疫,以保证预防接种效果。
OBJECTIVE To understand the situation of antibody production in rabbits after injecting human rabies vaccine for the purpose of providing evidence for outpatient prevention of rabies in the future. Methods A total of 453 exposed patients in the prevention clinic of Bobai County CDC in 2008 were enrolled in this study. According to the immunization schedule of 0, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days, the mice were inoculated with freeze-dried or liquid-type seedlings, and the veins were collected on the 7th and 45th days Blood samples were tested for antibodies by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Among the 453 immunized patients, the positive rate of male antibody was 93.8% and the positive rate of female antibody was 93.0%, there was no significant difference between the two. There was significant difference in antibody positive between the two vaccine groups. The freeze-dried vaccine, The positive rate of antibody was 96.0% and 90.2% respectively. Antibody in all age groups gradually decreased with age, and the antibody positive rate was highest in 0-10 years old group. Conclusions Exposure to vaccines using high potency and high quality rabies vaccine is timely and fully immunized in a timely manner. At the same time, pre-exposure prophylaxis and passive immunization are emphasized to ensure the effectiveness of vaccination.