新生儿听力筛查是预防小儿听力语言障碍最重要的手段,我国已经形成了听力普遍筛查、系统追踪随访、障碍早期诊断和听力语言早期干预的多学科协作体系,听力筛查率和听力障碍的早期干预率正逐年提高。耳聋的基因诊断是小儿听力障碍最重要的病因学诊断手段,GJB2等耳聋易感基因的发现已使先天性耳聋的遗传咨询和产前诊断成为可能。 Newborn hearing screening is the most important means to prevent pediatric hearing loss. Our country has formed a multidisciplinary collaboration system of hearing universal screening, systematic follow-up, early diagnosis of disorders and early intervention of hearing and hearing, hearing screening rate and hearing impairment The early intervention rate is increasing year by year. Deaf gene diagnosis is the most important etiological diagnostic tool for pediatric hearing loss. The discovery of genetic susceptibility genes such as GJB2 has made genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis of congenital deafness possible.