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目的:探讨焦虑和抑郁是否为罹患颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)的危险因素。方法:病例组为临床TMD患者,对照组为无TMD症状的健康人,采用焦虑症状自评量表(SAS)和抑郁症状自评量表(SDS)对心理因素进行评估。同时记录是否存在其他混杂因素,如习惯咬硬物、偏侧咀嚼、叩齿、夜磨牙、拔牙史等。采用Stata 11.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:共纳入200例样本,每组各100例,病例组SAS评分、SDS评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。对不同严重程度焦虑倾向、抑郁倾向的OR进行趋势检验,均具有统计学意义。但logistic回归分析显示,患颞下颌关节紊乱病的危险因素中,仅焦虑倾向与偏侧咀嚼具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:焦虑倾向与抑郁倾向为TMD相关的重要危险因素,随着其严重程度的增加,患TMD的危险性也增加。在混杂因素偏侧咀嚼存在时,只有焦虑倾向仍然是TMD的危险因素。
Aims: To investigate whether anxiety and depression are risk factors for temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Methods: The case group was clinical TMD and the control group was healthy without TMD. Psychological factors were evaluated by SAS and Depression Symptom Scale (SDS). At the same time record whether there are other confounding factors, such as the habit of biting hard objects, chewing side, knocking, bruxism, tooth extraction history. Data was statistically analyzed using the Stata 11.0 software package. Results: A total of 200 samples were enrolled in each group, 100 cases in each group. SAS score and SDS score were significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (P <0.05). The trend of anxiety and depression tendency in different severity were tested, all of which were statistically significant. However, logistic regression analysis showed that among the risk factors of temporomandibular disorder, only anxiety tendency and unilateral chewing had statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusion: Anxiety tendency and depression tendency are important risk factors associated with TMD. As their severity increases, the risk of TMD also increases. In the presence of confounding chewing, only anxiety tendencies remain a risk factor for TMD.