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小学数学教育中的数学实践活动,可以从广义和狭义两个方面来理解。从广义方面来理解,这样的活动是与小学数学有关的有意识的活动。它包括活动主体(小学生)的思维和行为,前者属于认识的范畴,后者属于实践的范畴。这样的活动(思维和行为,或两者结合)能产生一定的精神成果和物质成果。其成果的表现形式多种多样,可以是获得知识、形成技能、发现规律、给出结论,也可以是提出新观点、新方法,还可以是做成物化的作品等。例如,小学生解决问题所必须进行的计算、化简数学表达式、证明数学命题等“纯数学”的活动,以及制作几何模型、做数学实验等操作性的活动,都可以视作广义的小学数学实践活动。
The mathematics practice in elementary mathematics education can be understood both broadly and narrowly. In a broad sense, such activities are conscious activities related to elementary mathematics. It includes the activities of the main body (primary school students) thinking and behavior, the former belongs to the category of knowledge, the latter belongs to the category of practice. Such activities (thinking and acting, or a combination of both) produce certain spiritual and material results. The results of the performance of a variety of forms, can be access to knowledge, the formation of skills, the discovery of laws, the conclusion can also be put forward new ideas, new methods, but also can be made into works of art and so on. For example, primary school students must carry out calculations to solve problems, simplify mathematical expressions, prove mathematical propositions and other “pure mathematics” activities as well as making geometric models and doing mathematical experiments and other operational activities, can be regarded as a generalized Primary school mathematics practice activities.