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佛教石窟寺起源于古印度,于两汉之际传入西域,尔后逐渐东传,至北朝时期,广布中国北方大部,且多开凿于佛教中心周边。晋冀豫地区作为北朝不同阶段佛教中心的主要聚集地,石窟密布。运用历史地理学的研究方法,结合大量的古籍文献和考古材料,通过分析此地区50余处大中小型石窟寺遗存的分布状况,总结出它们的分布规律:石窟寺多分布在以佛教中心为依托,以连接各佛教中心的交通线为脉络的僻静山林中。这种分布格局是受当地自然环境、交通条件、佛教基础、经济人口状况,以及北朝统治者的佛教政策等诸多因素共同影响的结果。
Buddhism cave temple originated in ancient India, the occasion of the Han and Han Dynasty into the Western Regions, and then gradually spread to the East, to the Northern Dynasties, most of northern China, and more cut in the periphery of the Buddhist center. As the main gathering place of Buddhism centers in different stages of the Northern Dynasties, the Jin-Yu-Jin region has many caves. Based on the research methods of historical geography and a large number of ancient books and archeological materials, the distribution of the remains of more than 50 large, middle and small cave temples in this area are summarized and their distribution is summarized. Cave temples are distributed in the center of Buddhism Rely on, to connect the Buddhist center of the traffic line for the context of secluded mountains. This distribution pattern is a result of many factors such as the local natural environment, traffic conditions, the foundation of Buddhism, the economic conditions of the population, and the Buddhist policies of the dynastic rulers.