日本的特殊教育已有一百多年的历史。本文重点介绍了日本特殊教育的一种形式，即特殊班。在日本，选择在普通中小学建立的特殊班里接受九年义务教育的残疾儿童、少年占残疾儿童、少年总人数５０％以上。经过几十年的实践证明，在普通校建立特殊班不仅可行，而且有许多长处。本文从促进残疾儿童、少年的发展、推进特殊教育研究等方面总结了七大长处，并指出今后应进一步改进的问题 Japan’s special education has a history of more than 100 years. This article highlights one form of special education in Japan, namely, special classes. In Japan, children with disabilities who choose to receive nine-year compulsory education in special classes set up in ordinary primary and secondary schools constitute over 50% of the total number of disabled children and adolescents. After several decades of practice, it has not only been feasible but also has many strengths to establish special classes in general schools. This article summarizes seven major strengths in promoting the development of disabled children and adolescents and advancing special education research and points out the problems to be further improved in the future