我国从1953年开始生产苄青霉素,虽然产量甚少,品种单一,但终于改变了我国不能生产抗生素的局面。1962年我国试制成功甲氧西林(Meticillin),在β-内酰胺类抗生素的研制方面也取得了较大发展。迄今为止,我国生产或研制成功的青霉素族抗生素有21种,头孢菌素族抗生素8种和新型β-内酰胺类抗生素2种。本文对我国的β-内酰胺类抗生素作一简单复习,并对其在临床应用中发挥的作用提出一些初步意见。 青霉素族抗生素 一、苄青霉素及其同类品 苄青霉素目前仍是临床应用较多的抗生素之一,迄今为止本品仍是治疗溶血性链球菌、肺炎球菌、梭状芽胞杆菌、炭疽杆菌等感染的首选药物。由于苄青霉素的制剂以钾盐为主,临床使用剂量多较大,其钾离子含量亦高(每1,500万单位苄青霉素钾盐含钾 Since 1953, the production of benzyl penicillin in our country has changed the situation that our country can not produce antibiotics although its output is very little and its variety is single. In 1962, China successfully trial-produced methicillin (Meticillin), in the development of β-lactam antibiotics has also made great progress. So far, 21 kinds of penicillin antibiotics, 8 kinds of cephalosporin antibiotics and 2 kinds of new β-lactam antibiotics have been successfully produced or developed in our country. This article gives a brief review of the β-lactam antibiotics in our country and puts forward some preliminary opinions on its role in clinical application. Penicillin antibiotics, penicillin and its homologous penicillin is still one of the more clinically used antibiotics, so far this product is still the treatment of hemolytic streptococcus, pneumococcus, Clostridium, Bacillus anthracis and other infections Preferred drug. As the preparation of benzyl penicillin potassium-based, clinical use of larger doses, the potassium content is also high (every 15 million units of potassium penicillin potassium