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目的:探讨不同贮藏年限及药材分级对夏枯草内在品质的影响,以期为夏枯草规范化栽培技术的确定提供理论参考。方法:在安徽庐江夏枯草规范化种植基地内收集不同贮藏年限夏枯草果穗(当年、1年、2年),并对基地药材随机取样,结合果穗外观形状与市场现行标准,将药材分为3级;参照《中国药典》(2010年版)方法分别测定夏枯草药材水浸出物、醇浸出物、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分含量;紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮及多糖含量;HPLC测定熊果酸、齐墩果酸及迷迭香酸含量。结果:不同贮藏年限夏枯草总灰分及酸不溶性灰分含量随贮藏年限延长而显著增加;而水浸出物、醇浸出物、总黄酮、多糖、熊果酸、齐墩果酸及迷迭香酸含量随贮藏年限延长,各成分含量逐渐下降,且差异显著。夏枯草药材并未遵循分级标准呈现出明显规律,其中总黄酮含量以二级最高;多糖含量则以一级最高;总灰分、酸不溶性灰分含量呈现出从一级到三级逐渐下降趋势;而水浸出物、醇浸出物、熊果酸、齐墩果酸及迷迭香酸含量表现出从一级到三级依次上升趋势。结论:夏枯草药材安全储藏期以当年为宜;药材中主要活性成分含量多以三级药材最高,二级药材其次,一级药材最低。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of different storage years and medicinal grades on the intrinsic quality of Prunella vulgaris, in order to provide a theoretical reference for the determination of Prunella vulgaris standardized cultivation techniques. Methods: The prunus persica sp. (1 year and 2 years) were collected in the Prunella vulgaris standardized planting base in Lujiang of Anhui Province. The medicinal materials were randomly sampled from the base and combined with the appearance and appearance of the ear and the current market standards, ; Determination of water extract, alcohol extract, total ash, acid-insoluble ash content of Prunella vulgaris herbs according to “Chinese Pharmacopoeia” (2010 edition); Determination of total flavonoids and polysaccharides by UV spectrophotometry; Determination of ursolic acid by HPLC Oleanolic acid and rosmarinic acid content. Results: The total ash content and acid-insoluble ash content of Prunella vulgaris increased significantly with the increase of storage life, while the contents of water extract, alcohol extract, total flavonoids, polysaccharides, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid and rosmarinic acid With the extension of storage life, the content of each ingredient decreased gradually, and the difference was significant. Prunella herbs did not follow the grading standards showed obvious rules, of which the highest level of total flavonoids to the second; polysaccharide content is the highest level; total ash, acid-insoluble ash content showed a gradual downward trend from one to three; and Water extract, alcohol extract, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid and rosmarinic acid showed the trend of increasing from first to third grade. Conclusion: The safe storage period of Prunella vulgaris herbs should be in the current year; the content of main active ingredients in medicinal herbs is the highest in three herbs, the second herbs and the lowest in first herbs.