自评和他评是抑郁症基于评估的治疗中常用的评估模式。由于自评在时间、经济和人力成本较他评具有优势，因此自评能否代替他评对抑郁症进行评估是一个值得探讨的问题。本文探讨抑郁症自评和他评的一致性、差异因素和使用建议的循证证据。“,”In the measurement-based care for patients with major depressive disorder, both self-report and clinician rating are commonly used for the assessment of symptoms. Self-report assessment has a significant advantage on time, economic and labor costs over clinician rating measurement, therefore it is worthy to explore if self-report assessment could replace clinician rating measurement for depression assessment. This article discussed literature evidence of the agreement, factors associated with rating difference, and usage suggestions on self-report and clinician rating assessment for depression.