企业的赢利潜力决定于其所处的行业的赢利潜力 ,行业的赢利水平取决于行业的竞争强度 ,行业的竞争强度是行业竞争结构的表现。影响企业赢利水平和行业竞争的结构性因素很多 ,根据哈佛商学院企业经济学教授迈克尔 .波特教授的研究 ,大致可归纳为 5种竞争力 :进入威胁、潜在威胁 The profit potential of an enterprise depends on the profit potential of the industry in which it operates. The profitability of an industry depends on the intensity of competition in the industry. The intensity of competition in an industry is a manifestation of the competitive structure of the industry. There are many structural factors that affect the profitability of enterprises and competition in the industry. According to Professor Michael Porter, professor of business economics at Harvard Business School, there are generally five types of competitiveness: entry threats, potential threats