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中国第一次南极考察时(1984—1985),由上海至合恩角往返两次横渡太平洋,途中在76个测点做了表层温度、盐度、营养盐(PO_4-P,SiO_3-Si,NO_3-N和NO_2-N),植物色素(叶绿素a和脱镁叶绿酸a)和颗粒有机物(0.89—114μm)含量的分析测定。计算了这些要素间的相关系数,并用主成份分析法分析了对分布格局起决定作用的主要因素。 营养盐、叶绿素a和POM的分布,表现了相似的分布格局,表明北太平洋和南太平洋的亚热带大涡漩区最贫瘠,赤道上升流区(宽约5个纬度)是相对高营养的,由北向南穿过亚热带辐合带进入亚南极区营养盐和生物量急剧增加。在叶绿素a与POM和NO_3-N之间;NO_3-N与PO_4-P之间存在很强的正相关。温度和盐度与上述几个要素则存在明显负相关。主成份分析表明,肥力特别是硝酸盐含量,是决定生物要素分布格局的重要因素。在热带和亚热带区,POM含量低,颗粒谱低平,各粒度级浓度趋向一致。亚南极区不仅POM浓度高,而且颗粒谱峰值明显,硅藻形成明显优势。
During the first Chinese Antarctic expedition (1984-1985), it crossed the Pacific Ocean twice from Shanghai to Horn and made surface temperature, salinity, nutrients (PO 4-P, SiO 3 -Si, NO_3-N and NO_2-N), phytochromes (chlorophyll a and pheophorbide a), and particulate organic matter (0.89-114 μm). The correlation coefficients between these factors were calculated and the main factors that played a decisive role in the distribution pattern were analyzed by principal component analysis. The distribution of nutrients, chlorophyll a and POM showed a similar pattern of distribution, indicating that the most infertile areas in the North Pacific and South Pacific subtropical vortex swirls are relatively highly vegetative (about 5 latitudes wide) from Nutrients and biomass increase sharply north-south through the subtropical convergence zone into the sub-Antarctic. There was a strong positive correlation between NO_3-N and PO_4-P between chlorophyll a and POM and NO_3-N. There is a clear negative correlation between temperature and salinity and the above mentioned elements. Principal component analysis shows that fertility, especially nitrate content, is an important factor that determines the distribution pattern of biological elements. In the tropics and subtropics, the POM content is low, the particle spectrum is low, and the concentrations at all particle sizes tend to be the same. In the sub-Antarctic region, not only the POM concentration is high, but also the peak value of the particle spectrum is obvious, and the diatom forms a distinct advantage.