论文部分内容阅读
小编我是个粤语“栋笃笑”粉丝,每年春晚也爱看相声,总觉得像这样的语言艺术家简直是另外一个物种……单凭一张嘴皮子就能将满场观众逗得哄堂大笑,怎一个伶牙俐齿了得!美国黑人谐星克里斯·洛克(本名Christopher Julius “Chris” Rock III)也不例外。他上过电视,当过主持,写过剧本,拍过电影,拿过艾美奖,多次入选当今最伟大的喜剧演员之列。然而,名成利就从未让他忘记自己的老本行,他一直坚守着那份对单口相声(stand-up)的热爱——这不正应了那句话:不忘初心,方得始终。
Host: List your top five singers. Top five authors. No, wait, wait, top five comedians. Maybe Chris Rock would be on that list? In his movie, Chris Rock plays that game. He wrote, starred in and directed Top Five.
You do such a good job of highlighting contradictions, particularly, like, within black culture of the things that kind of…we’re nodding and getting it but feeling a little 1)sheepish about it. Like…there were a lot of kind of moments like that.
Chris: You know what’s weird? When I, when I see a 2)Woody Allen movie—and I see ’em all—there’s probably two scenes or two moments in each movie that I don’t get. But, you know, I, I actually like it in a weird way. It’s like, OK, this, this is really 3)authentic, what I’m watching here. This is authentic to who he is.
Host: This is a character who’s sort of forgotten where he comes from in terms of his own art, right? Like, he’s become further and further divorced from doing standup itself. Do you…have you felt that way?
Chris: I mean, I guess all comedians…that happens. I mean, stand-up is the only career like that where once you get really big at it, people kind of encourage you not to do it. Some of our greatest stand-ups don’t do stand-up anymore. 4)Steve Martin’s one of the greatest stand-ups to ever live. The guy doesn’t do stand-up. So many guys don’t do it anymore.
![](https://www.soolun.com/img/pic.php?url=http://img.resource.qikan.cn/qkimages/fkye/fkye201510/fkye20151004-1-l.jpg)
Host: Do you feel like you make a, a special effort to stay with it? Or does it just feel like...
Chris: I try to stay with it, and I try to just stay in contact with comedians, and just keep comedians in my life ’cause comedians are, are their own species. If you get away from ’em, especially as a comedian, I, I think it’s dangerous.
Host: You know, there’s a strain of political correctness, I think, that people have talked about…comedians have certainly talked about.
Chris: Hey, everything’s funny—in the right context and done by the right person—everything, unfortunately. You know, I’ve told Michael Jackson jokes. If you got really 5)technical, you could say those are jokes about 6)child molestation. You could, if you got technical. A lot of this is just selective outrage because, honestly, the audience are the ones that tell us that something shouldn’t be spoken. The audience lets us know. And I’ve never, in my almost 30 years of being a comedian, seen a comedian continue to tell a joke that the audience doesn’t respond to. I’ve never seen it.
![](https://www.soolun.com/img/pic.php?url=http://img.resource.qikan.cn/qkimages/fkye/fkye201510/fkye20151004-2-l.jpg)
Host: Chris Rock and I talked a lot more, but just there when he mentioned being in the business for 30 years, I couldn’t help but wonder: at this point, what does he consider success?
Chris: What is success? Success is just hanging out with my kids. I mean, I always say if you have options, you’re rich. To me, success is the fact that“Hey, I just did a movie, and maybe I’ll do some stand-up, maybe I’ll write a book, or maybe I’ll do a play.” Like, I literally don’t know what I’m gonna do next. That’s successful. And just having time. I got, you know, this whole 7)upheaval in late-night, late-night and day-time. I got a few job offers, and they work all the time. Like, work all the time when you do one of these shows. And I always said, “You know, my dad worked every day. I didn’t get into show business to work every day.” So the fact that most days I get to, like, spend really good time with my kids—that’s what success is to me.
![](https://www.soolun.com/img/pic.php?url=http://img.resource.qikan.cn/qkimages/fkye/fkye201510/fkye20151004-3-l.jpg)
主持人:列出你最喜爱的五位歌手吧。最喜爱的五位作家呢?不,等等,最喜爱的五位喜剧演员——或许克里斯·洛克也会榜上有名?克里斯·洛克在他身兼编剧、主演以及导演三职的电影《业内前五》里也玩了这个游戏。
你非常善于突出各种矛盾,尤其是黑人文化领域里的事情,那种……我们心领神会地点头称是,但又会觉得怪不好意思的话题,比如……有许多这样的例子。
克里斯:你知道吗,古怪的是,当我……在看伍迪·艾伦的电影时(他的电影我都看过),每部电影里总会有大概两幕或者两个情景我看不明白。不过,你瞧,虽然这听起来有点怪,但我其实很喜欢这一点。这会给我一种感觉……好吧,我在看的这玩意儿还挺真实的,相当符合他本人的风格。
主持人:你这部电影中的主人公忘记了自己的出身,忘记了他的本行,对不对?他与单口相声分道扬镳,渐行渐远。你会……你也有过这样的感受吗?
克里斯:我的意思是,我觉得所有的喜剧演员……都会遇到这种情况。我是说,一旦你真的在这一行混出名气,人们就会劝你跳槽别干了——单口相声是唯一一个会出现这种情形的职业。有些最优秀的单口相声演员已经不干这一行了。史蒂夫·马丁是史上最优秀的相声演员之一,但他不讲相声了。放弃这一行的人实在太多了。
![](https://www.soolun.com/img/pic.php?url=http://img.resource.qikan.cn/qkimages/fkye/fkye201510/fkye20151004-4-l.jpg)
主持人:你会不会想……努力一下,尽量留在这一行呢?又或者这感觉就像是……
克里斯:我会尽量留在这一行,尽量与喜剧演员保持联系,把他们当成我生活的一部分,因为喜剧演员就是……他们独树一帜,自成一派。如果你和大伙儿疏远了,特别是如果你自己也是一名喜剧演员,我觉得这是非常不可取的。
主持人:你知道,现在有一种关于政治正确的压力,我想很多人都讨论过这个问题……喜剧演员们肯定也讨论过这个问题。
克里斯:嘿,任何事情都可以开玩笑——遗憾的是,只要在合适的语境中,由合适的人来调侃,任何事情都会有乐子。你瞧,我曾经拿迈克尔·杰克逊来开玩笑。如果你确实要玩儿真的,你完全可以说这是些关于猥亵儿童的笑话。要较真的话,你当然可以这样说。大多数的政治正确问题其实只是针对一些问题的气愤,因为老实说,只有观众能告诉我们什么话不该讲。观众会让我们意识到这一点。在将近三十年的喜剧演员生涯当中,我从未见过哪个演员会继续讲一个观众并不买账的笑话,一次都没见过。
主持人:克里斯·洛克还和我聊了很多事情,不过正如他刚才所说,他在这一行已经呆了30年,我忍不住会想:此时此刻的他对成功是如何定义的呢?
克里斯:成功是什么?成功就是有时间陪孩子玩。我的意思是,我经常都说,假如你有各种各样的选择机会,你就是个富足的人。对我来说,成功就是这么简单:“嗨,我刚刚拍了一部电影,接下来也许讲讲相声,写写书,又或者演个戏剧。”我真不知道接下来会做些什么——这就是成功。另外,还要有时间。我接到……你瞧,最近的深夜节目有很大的变动,深夜和白天的节目都有这种情况。我接到好几个工作邀请,都要全天候工作。当你接了这些节目,你就要没完没了地工作。我经常这样说:“你瞧,以前我爸爸每天都要上班。我进娱乐圈可不是为了天天上班。”所以,我可以将大部分时间花在孩子身上,陪陪他们,享受天伦之乐——对我来说,这就是成功。
![](https://www.soolun.com/img/pic.php?url=http://img.resource.qikan.cn/qkimages/fkye/fkye201510/fkye20151004-5-l.jpg)
文化交流站
political correctness 政治正确
“政治正确”起源于美国,本来只是一个司法概念,指在使用司法语言时要保持“政治正确”,即“符合司法规定”或“符合法律或宪法”。后来,这个词的适用范围不断扩大,现在已经可以泛指人们生活的各个方面。政治正确指的是要用政治立场上正确或中立的字句描述事物,以避免因为使用具有褒贬意义的语句而侵犯他人的合法权益,伤害弱势群体的利益或尊严,比如在不合适的场合使用带有歧视色彩的字眼就是典型的“政治不正确”。
Host: List your top five singers. Top five authors. No, wait, wait, top five comedians. Maybe Chris Rock would be on that list? In his movie, Chris Rock plays that game. He wrote, starred in and directed Top Five.
You do such a good job of highlighting contradictions, particularly, like, within black culture of the things that kind of…we’re nodding and getting it but feeling a little 1)sheepish about it. Like…there were a lot of kind of moments like that.
Chris: You know what’s weird? When I, when I see a 2)Woody Allen movie—and I see ’em all—there’s probably two scenes or two moments in each movie that I don’t get. But, you know, I, I actually like it in a weird way. It’s like, OK, this, this is really 3)authentic, what I’m watching here. This is authentic to who he is.
Host: This is a character who’s sort of forgotten where he comes from in terms of his own art, right? Like, he’s become further and further divorced from doing standup itself. Do you…have you felt that way?
Chris: I mean, I guess all comedians…that happens. I mean, stand-up is the only career like that where once you get really big at it, people kind of encourage you not to do it. Some of our greatest stand-ups don’t do stand-up anymore. 4)Steve Martin’s one of the greatest stand-ups to ever live. The guy doesn’t do stand-up. So many guys don’t do it anymore.
![](https://www.soolun.com/img/pic.php?url=http://img.resource.qikan.cn/qkimages/fkye/fkye201510/fkye20151004-1-l.jpg)
Host: Do you feel like you make a, a special effort to stay with it? Or does it just feel like...
Chris: I try to stay with it, and I try to just stay in contact with comedians, and just keep comedians in my life ’cause comedians are, are their own species. If you get away from ’em, especially as a comedian, I, I think it’s dangerous.
Host: You know, there’s a strain of political correctness, I think, that people have talked about…comedians have certainly talked about.
Chris: Hey, everything’s funny—in the right context and done by the right person—everything, unfortunately. You know, I’ve told Michael Jackson jokes. If you got really 5)technical, you could say those are jokes about 6)child molestation. You could, if you got technical. A lot of this is just selective outrage because, honestly, the audience are the ones that tell us that something shouldn’t be spoken. The audience lets us know. And I’ve never, in my almost 30 years of being a comedian, seen a comedian continue to tell a joke that the audience doesn’t respond to. I’ve never seen it.
![](https://www.soolun.com/img/pic.php?url=http://img.resource.qikan.cn/qkimages/fkye/fkye201510/fkye20151004-2-l.jpg)
Host: Chris Rock and I talked a lot more, but just there when he mentioned being in the business for 30 years, I couldn’t help but wonder: at this point, what does he consider success?
Chris: What is success? Success is just hanging out with my kids. I mean, I always say if you have options, you’re rich. To me, success is the fact that“Hey, I just did a movie, and maybe I’ll do some stand-up, maybe I’ll write a book, or maybe I’ll do a play.” Like, I literally don’t know what I’m gonna do next. That’s successful. And just having time. I got, you know, this whole 7)upheaval in late-night, late-night and day-time. I got a few job offers, and they work all the time. Like, work all the time when you do one of these shows. And I always said, “You know, my dad worked every day. I didn’t get into show business to work every day.” So the fact that most days I get to, like, spend really good time with my kids—that’s what success is to me.
![](https://www.soolun.com/img/pic.php?url=http://img.resource.qikan.cn/qkimages/fkye/fkye201510/fkye20151004-3-l.jpg)
主持人:列出你最喜爱的五位歌手吧。最喜爱的五位作家呢?不,等等,最喜爱的五位喜剧演员——或许克里斯·洛克也会榜上有名?克里斯·洛克在他身兼编剧、主演以及导演三职的电影《业内前五》里也玩了这个游戏。
你非常善于突出各种矛盾,尤其是黑人文化领域里的事情,那种……我们心领神会地点头称是,但又会觉得怪不好意思的话题,比如……有许多这样的例子。
克里斯:你知道吗,古怪的是,当我……在看伍迪·艾伦的电影时(他的电影我都看过),每部电影里总会有大概两幕或者两个情景我看不明白。不过,你瞧,虽然这听起来有点怪,但我其实很喜欢这一点。这会给我一种感觉……好吧,我在看的这玩意儿还挺真实的,相当符合他本人的风格。
主持人:你这部电影中的主人公忘记了自己的出身,忘记了他的本行,对不对?他与单口相声分道扬镳,渐行渐远。你会……你也有过这样的感受吗?
克里斯:我的意思是,我觉得所有的喜剧演员……都会遇到这种情况。我是说,一旦你真的在这一行混出名气,人们就会劝你跳槽别干了——单口相声是唯一一个会出现这种情形的职业。有些最优秀的单口相声演员已经不干这一行了。史蒂夫·马丁是史上最优秀的相声演员之一,但他不讲相声了。放弃这一行的人实在太多了。
![](https://www.soolun.com/img/pic.php?url=http://img.resource.qikan.cn/qkimages/fkye/fkye201510/fkye20151004-4-l.jpg)
主持人:你会不会想……努力一下,尽量留在这一行呢?又或者这感觉就像是……
克里斯:我会尽量留在这一行,尽量与喜剧演员保持联系,把他们当成我生活的一部分,因为喜剧演员就是……他们独树一帜,自成一派。如果你和大伙儿疏远了,特别是如果你自己也是一名喜剧演员,我觉得这是非常不可取的。
主持人:你知道,现在有一种关于政治正确的压力,我想很多人都讨论过这个问题……喜剧演员们肯定也讨论过这个问题。
克里斯:嘿,任何事情都可以开玩笑——遗憾的是,只要在合适的语境中,由合适的人来调侃,任何事情都会有乐子。你瞧,我曾经拿迈克尔·杰克逊来开玩笑。如果你确实要玩儿真的,你完全可以说这是些关于猥亵儿童的笑话。要较真的话,你当然可以这样说。大多数的政治正确问题其实只是针对一些问题的气愤,因为老实说,只有观众能告诉我们什么话不该讲。观众会让我们意识到这一点。在将近三十年的喜剧演员生涯当中,我从未见过哪个演员会继续讲一个观众并不买账的笑话,一次都没见过。
主持人:克里斯·洛克还和我聊了很多事情,不过正如他刚才所说,他在这一行已经呆了30年,我忍不住会想:此时此刻的他对成功是如何定义的呢?
克里斯:成功是什么?成功就是有时间陪孩子玩。我的意思是,我经常都说,假如你有各种各样的选择机会,你就是个富足的人。对我来说,成功就是这么简单:“嗨,我刚刚拍了一部电影,接下来也许讲讲相声,写写书,又或者演个戏剧。”我真不知道接下来会做些什么——这就是成功。另外,还要有时间。我接到……你瞧,最近的深夜节目有很大的变动,深夜和白天的节目都有这种情况。我接到好几个工作邀请,都要全天候工作。当你接了这些节目,你就要没完没了地工作。我经常这样说:“你瞧,以前我爸爸每天都要上班。我进娱乐圈可不是为了天天上班。”所以,我可以将大部分时间花在孩子身上,陪陪他们,享受天伦之乐——对我来说,这就是成功。
![](https://www.soolun.com/img/pic.php?url=http://img.resource.qikan.cn/qkimages/fkye/fkye201510/fkye20151004-5-l.jpg)
文化交流站
political correctness 政治正确
“政治正确”起源于美国,本来只是一个司法概念,指在使用司法语言时要保持“政治正确”,即“符合司法规定”或“符合法律或宪法”。后来,这个词的适用范围不断扩大,现在已经可以泛指人们生活的各个方面。政治正确指的是要用政治立场上正确或中立的字句描述事物,以避免因为使用具有褒贬意义的语句而侵犯他人的合法权益,伤害弱势群体的利益或尊严,比如在不合适的场合使用带有歧视色彩的字眼就是典型的“政治不正确”。