一、前言 工业炉是一种为了达到某种工艺目的而设置的用能设备。它们有的是为了改变固体或液体材料的性质、形状,有的是为了取得新材料或新材料制品,有的是为了脱除水分或其它的目的。这些用能设备广泛分布在冶金、机械、建材、轻工和化工等部门,能源的消耗量很大。目前消耗在工业炉的燃料约占全国燃料总消耗量的五分之一,使用燃气的工业炉所耗燃气的比例则为更高。以上海为例,全市供应的燃气总量中有50％用于工 I. INTRODUCTION An industrial furnace is an energy-using equipment set up to achieve a certain technological purpose. Some of them are to change the nature or shape of solid or liquid materials, some to obtain new materials or new material products, and some to remove moisture or other purposes. These energy-using equipments are widely distributed in the metallurgy, machinery, building materials, light industry and chemical industries. The energy consumption is very large. At present, the fuel consumed in industrial furnaces accounts for about one-fifth of the total fuel consumption in the country, and the proportion of gas consumed in industrial furnaces using gas is higher. In Shanghai, for example, 50% of the total gas supply in the city is used for